Mgbasa mkpụrụ osisi Blueberry bụ ụzọ dị mma iji mejupụta mkpokọta beri ma ọ bụ iji mee ka ahịhịa na-eto eto. N’ime ọ dị mkpa ọ bụghị naanị ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọhịa, kamakwa iji bulie nchekwa nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa... Nke a ga - ekwe omume naanị site na mmepụta nke ahịhịa, nke a ga - eme n'ụzọ ziri ezi na n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị.
Reedzọ izu maka ubi blueberries na oge
A na-ekewa ụzọ azịza Blueberry ụzọ abụọ dị iche iche. Ọ bụ mmekọahụ, nke a na-eme site na mkpụrụ na vegetative - site n'akụkụ nke osisi. Mgbasa mkpụrụ na ụlọ - arụ ọrụ siri ike, nke gụnyere ịjụ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume na nhọrọ nke mkpụrụ osisi na-ekwe nkwa. Nke a nwere ike were ọtụtụ afọ. Ya mere, a na-eme usoro a naanị maka ebumnuche ozuzu maka mmepe nke ụdị ọhụrụ.
Etzọ mmeputakwa nke umu akwukwo (asexual) -enye gị ohere iji chebe varietal àgwà nke blueberries. Nhọrọ ọ bụla nwere uru na ọghọm ya, yabụ ndị na-elekọta ubi na-ahọrọ ụzọ kachasị mma maka ikpe mmadụ.
Mmeputakwa nke ubi blueberries site cuttings na-eme n'ihi usoro mmeghari ohuru, n'oge a na-etolite mgbọrọgwụ ọhụụ ọhụrụ site na anụ ahụ nke azuokokoosisi. Ome uto emee si dị buds.
Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ usoro nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, a na-akwụ ụgwọ uche na afọ nke bluuberi ome. Ka oge na-aga na-egbu egbu, usoro nke metabolic, mmiri na njigide mmiri nke anụ ahụ na-ebelata, nke bụ ọnọdụ dị mkpa maka nhazi nke mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ. N'ihi ya, ihe akuku site na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-amalite ngwa ngwa, na-enye pasent ka ukwuu nke lanarị osisi mgbe ịgbanye mkpọrọgwụ.
Seedlings si n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke blueberries nwere dị iche iche degrees nke dịrị. Cuttings si coppice Ome nwere kasị elu-akpata-akpụ ikike... A na-emepụta mgbọrọgwụ nke ome na-acha uhie uhie site na buds na-akpali akpali, bụ nke a na-eji ụba metabolism, nke na-eme ka usoro mkpụrụ ndụ ọhụrụ pụta. Nke a na - abawanye mgbọrọgwụ site na oge 3-4 ma e jiri ya tụnyere cuttings e si na mpaghara mkpụrụ osisi. A na-egbute ihe akuku na ngwụcha ọnwa Juun, na mbido ọnwa Julaị.
A na-enwekwa ike ịmịcha mkpụrụ osisi na-acha lignified... Akuku ihe n'okpuru ọnọdụ kacha mma nwere ike ịchekwa maka oge ụfọdụ. Ya mere, a na-egbute cutings ndị a na-emegharị emegharị maka njem njem dị anya ma ọ bụ maka ịkụ maka oge ọzọ.
Enweghị oge a kapịrị ọnụ iji kwe nkwa nsonaazụ kacha mma maka igbutu cuttings. Echiche nke ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ubi na-ekewa na akara a. Ọnọdụ bụ isi maka ị nweta ihe ọkụkụ dị elu bụ mma ịse ụra na ịra ụra. Na mpaghara ndị nwere oke oyi, a na-atụ aro ka iwe ihe ubi na mmalite nke oge oyi, yana maka mpaghara ndị ọzọ enwere ike ịnabata site na Disemba ruo ụbọchị iri mbụ nke Machị.
Enwere ike inweta mkpuru osisi site na iji mkpịsị osisi... Ihe kachasị mkpa usoro a bụ ịgbanye mgbọrọgwụ na enweghị ikewapụ ya na nne nne. Nke a bụ otu n'ime usoro okike nke mgbasa osisi, teknụzụ nke onye ọ bụla na-elekọta ubi. Ihe ọghọm nke ụdị mmeputakwa bụ ogologo oge nke usoro a. Dịrị cuttings nwere ike ịdịru afọ 2-3... Oge kachasị mma maka usoro a bụ n'oge uto bluuberi, ya mere ọ na - amalite site na etiti Eprel ruo Septemba.
Blueberries bụ otu n'ime ihe siri ike kụrụ beri kụrụ ịmụba. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ndu njirimara osisi - ala-akpata-akpụ ikike. Nsonaazụ kachasị mma dị iche site na usoro mgbasa site na cuttings.
Mgbasa site na cuttings
Usoro nke owuwe ihe ubi, gbanye akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na lignified cuttings nwere ọdịiche na myirịta.... N'agbanyeghị ihe ọkụkụ, ihe ubi ga-ebu usoro nwere ntakịrị mmekpa ahụ na njirimara ndu nke osisi.
Owuwe ihe ubi na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ
Site na usoro mmeputakwa a, nnabata ya na ezigbo oge dị ezigbo mkpa. Nke a bụ oge site na June 20 ruo July 10.
Cuttings si ezughi oke mfri eke Ome mgbe ata ahụhụ site na ihicha pụọ, na-emetụta ọrịa na fungal spores. Akwụkwọ nke cuttings dị otú ahụ bụ nke na-eto eto na enweghị ike ịnye azuokokoosisi nwere nri zuru ezu. Site na owuwe ihe ubi nke egbutu, nri na-abanye n'uba, nke na-eduga na ọnwụ ha, na-emetụta usoro mgbọrọgwụ.
Ome dị njikere maka grafting nwere springy, unbreakable ị ga na ọchịchịrị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ epupụta. Maka igbutu osisi, a na-ahọrọ ome siri ike nke iwu mbụ na nke dị elu nke ịkọ alaka nwere elu 6-12 cm... A na-eji aka osisi na ogbugbo agbaji ha site na aka nke afọ gara aga (ikiri ụkwụ).
Preparationcha nkwadebe:
- nhazi nke akụkụ ala nke ịcha (mwepụ nke ogbugbo exfoliated);
- mwepụ nke 2-3 obere akwụkwọ (1/3 nke ogologo);
- na-egbutu akwụkwọ ndị fọdụrụnụ site na 1/3;
- ọgwụgwọ nke cuttings na ibu stimulants
A na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi ahụ na riiji edozi na ọnọdụ griin haus.
Owuwe ihe ubi lignified cuttings
Maka owuwe ihe ubi, a na-ahọrọ ome nke afọ gara aga nke chara acha kpamkpam ma ghara imebi ntu oyi guzobe ma ọ bụ dochie ya na dayameta nke 0,5-1,2 cm Cuttings nke nnukwu dayameta mgbọrọgwụ emezighituri, na ndị nta na-enye na-adịghị ike osisi. Ome nwere ọtụtụ ifuru ifuru adịghị mma maka mmeputakwa, mwepụ ha anaghị enye nsonaazụ ọma.
Alaka bee ke ini etuep na-echekwara na igbe jupụtara peat ma ọ bụ sawdust na aeration oghere. A na-etinye igbe ndị ahụ n'ime ụlọ gbara ọchịchịrị, nke nwere ikuku nke ọma na ikuku ikuku nke 0 ° С- + 5 ° С... A na-egbutu osisi na njedebe nke March ma ọ bụ na Eprel. A na-eji akụkụ kachasị mma nke alaka dị iche iche mara nke ọma site na ike kachasị mma.
A na-eji egbutu osisi egbutu egbutu osisi, na-ezere ọkpọ na mmebi nke ogbugbo.
Slicing nkebi:
- aka ogologo 10-12 cm;
- a na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ ala ahụ dị n'okpuru akụrụ na obere mkpọda;
- elu ịkpụ 0,5 cm-1 cm n'elu akụrụ;
- na stalk na-emeso na ibu stimulants.
Ọ bụrụ na e nwere obere akuku ihe onwunwe, ọ bụ nke nwere ike ime ka cuttings nke nta size, ma na ọnọdụ nke na ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ 3 vegetative buds.
Dịrị cuttings, akuku na-elekọta
Green na lignified bluuberi cuttings na-gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na ridges ma ọ bụ igbe, na-eke griin haus ọnọdụ ha. Ebe mgbọrọgwụ nwere ike ịbụ nha ọ bụla ga - adaba adaba, mana ọ nwere ma ọ dịkarịa ala 15-20 cm... A na-etinye ogbe ahụ na ala nke drained ala, ụrọ gbasaa ma ọ bụ ájá siri ike. Dị ka ime ụlọ, ị nwere ike họrọ griin haus ma ọ bụ kwadebe mbughari okpokolo agba na iko (polyethylene) n'elu riiji.
Kacha ezigbo mkpụrụ maka mmepe nke cuttings bụ ngwakọta nke elu-awa peat na osimiri ájá (1: 1). Otu ụbọchị tupu ịkpụ mkpụrụ osisi ahụ, a na-edozi mkpụrụ ahụ ma wụsa ya na mmiri ọkụ. A na-eji ahihia plastik kpuchie riiji a kwadebere iji sie mmiri peat kpamkpam.
A na-akụ cuttings ndị na-eme ihe dịka atụmatụ 5x3, na ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ dịka atụmatụ 5x5, na-ahapụ 1-2 buds n'elu mkpụrụ... A na-echekwa oge mgbọrọgwụ na okpomọkụ + 20 Celsius - + 25 Celsius na mmiri dị mfe nke mkpụrụ.
Mgbọrọgwụ nke cuttings na-amalite ịmalite izu anọ. Mgbe oge a, osisi na-amalite nke nta nke nta accustom onwe ha drier ikuku, ke ini ke ini iwepu ihe nkiri na iko. Ọnwa 2-3 mgbe akuku, iko ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri echebe na-ewepụ kpamkpam na nri na ammonium sulfate (10 g / m2).
Na-eto eto na osisi na-ekpe ka oyi na dịrị na saịtị ahụ. Iji mee nke a, ha na-mulched na 5 cm oyi akwa nke peat, sawdust ma ọ bụ dara epupụta. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbe ha kpoo ala ahụ ọkụ, ha na-atụgharị gaa ebe na-adịgide adịgide.
Ọbụna na owuwe ihe ubi kwesịrị ekwesị nke ịkpụ na inye ọnọdụ ndị dị mkpa, a na-edebe ọnụego maka blueberries na ọkwa dị ala nke 25-35%. Enwere ike ịbawanye ihe ngosi ndị a site na 2-3 site na enyemaka nke nlekọta pụrụ iche - ọgwụgwọ nke cuttings maka awa 12-24 na onye na - ahụ maka uto - ihe ngwọta mmiri nke indole-butyric acid (50 g / 1 l).
Ntughari site na layering
Ọzọkwa, dịka e kwuru n'elu, blueberries nwere ike ịgbasa site na ịkpụkọta. A na-eji usoro a maka mgbasa nke obere bushes, nke nwere obere Ome maka mgbasa ma ọ bụ maka ụdị ndị gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'oge mgbasa.
Tupu nke a, agbajiri ogwe osisi n'okpuru nne nne ya. Bulie ike Ome siri ike. Na-emegide alaka ndị ahọpụtara site na isi nke ohia ahụ, a na-etolite furrow yana omimi nke 6-8 cm na ogologo nke ogologo nke ome.... Wụsaa mmiri.
Kwa afọ growths nke alaka na-shortened site 1/5 ma dọba ke furrow. A na-edozi akụkụ nke otu alaka ụlọ ọrụ nwere buds abụọ mepere emepe na ala na ntanye waya. A na-ekpuchi furrow na sawdust.
Mgbe Ome kwụ ọtọ rutere elu nke 8-10 cm, ọ dị mkpa ka ha spud ruo ọkara n'ịdị elu... Maka nke a, a na-eji ngwakọta peat na sawdust (1: 1). Usoro a na-eme ugboro ugboro 2-3 dị ka Ome na-eto azụ. N'oge okpomọkụ, a na-edebe ala ahụ ooh. Ome ndị toro na afọ ugbu a ga-etolite usoro mgbọrọgwụ zuru ezu na afọ 2-3, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-atụgharị ha gaa ebe na-adịgide adịgide.
Blueberry bụ ihe ọkụkụ dị ọhụrụ na ịkọ ahịhịa Russia, teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo nke ndị na-elekọta ubi anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ihe nzuzo nke ihe ubi na-aga nke ọma na-adabere na nhọrọ ziri ezi nke ụdị dị iche iche na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ukwuu maka ọnọdụ ndị siri ike maka ihe ọkụkụ a.... Site na ịgha ụdị dị iche iche maka mpaghara ahụ, ị nwere ike ịchekwa ụlọ osisi blọlberry n'ụlọ gị ruo ọtụtụ afọ, na-agbasa ha na ahịhịa.