Onye ọ bụla nwere ihe omume kachasị amasị ha, ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị mmadụ na-enwekwa obi ụtọ dị ukwuu n'ilekọta ihe ọkụkụ. Lee ka o si magbuoke na-ekiri mkpụrụ na-epulite site na mkpụrụ ahụ, ilekọta anya n'oge uto na-arụsi ọrụ ike na, nke nwere obi ụtọ ugboro abụọ, ịghọrọ mkpụrụ nke anụ ụlọ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nwere ekele. Ma, maka ezigbo owuwe ihe ubi, ịkwesịrị ịme akwa na fatịlaịza, gụnyere foliar.
Iwu nlekọta osisi na - agụnye:
- atọpụ ala;
- ịgba mmiri;
- fatịlaịza;
- weeding;
- pesti nchedo na ọgwụgwọ;
- triming ma ọ bụ pinning;
- na-akwadebe osisi maka oyi
Nwere ike ifatilaiza n'ọtụtụ ụzọ:
- Methodzọ bụ isi gụnyere fatịlaịza n'ime ala, tupu akuku osisi.
- A na-eme usoro ịgha mkpụrụ n'oge ịgha mkpụrụ.
- Uwe elu bụ ntinye nke nri n'oge ndụ... Uwe dị elu bụ mgbọrọgwụ, foliar (akwukwo), n'usoro n'usoro na usoro ọmụmụ.
Gịnị bụ foliar nri
Foliar mgbakwasa bụ ụzọ ọzọ nke iwebata nri agbaze n'ime mmiri site spraying na ala akụkụ, gafere mgbọrọgwụ.
Studies na-egosi na nri etinyere na epupụta gị kwuo nke osisi ifịk ifịk banye n'ime akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ organism na-etinye obi gị dum ukwuu ngwa ngwa.
Ezigbo maka ngwa nri na-edozi ahụ dị obere na nzaghachi ihe ọkụkụ.
Mgbe ịchọrọ ya
Ebumnuche ndị bụ isi maka ịme mkpebi na nri foliar:
- imezi ka usoro nke fatịlaịza;
- n'ihi obere okpomọkụ, salinity, underdevelopment nke usoro mgbọrọgwụ, osisi anaghị enweta ihe ndị ọzọ na-edozi ahụ site na ala, nke na - ebute ụkọ nri, na akwụkwọ nri ga - enye ihe kachasị mkpa dịkarịsịrị nta na nke zuru oke;
- dị ike mgbọrọgwụdị ka akwukwo na-azụlite mgbọrọgwụ, na-amụba ikike nke mgbọrọgwụ siri ike iji banye nri na ala;
- ịba ụba nke photosynthesis;
- fatịlaịza, na-agbaso usoro nke mmepe osisi, dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'oge njedebe nke ọrụ nke usoro mgbọrọgwụ;
- elu ohia anaghị ekwe ka ngwa-ofu fatịlaịza;
- ijikọta ngwa foliar na ọgwụgwọ pesticide, tupu nke ahụ, jiri nlezianya na-amụ tebụl ndakọrịta ka ọ ghara ime ka ogige ọhụrụ;
- ịchekwa batrị n'ihi na ngwa mpaghara
Maka ngwakọta na-edozi ahụ site na akwukwo, a na-anabatakarị ya iji mee ka iwu sie ike:
- Tinye fatịlaịza n'oge kachasị mma mmepe nke ngwa ngwa vegetative nke ohia.
- Aziza ya aghaghi ida n'elu akwukwo ukwu na ukwu ya;
- Ọ dị mkpa ịgba ihe ngwọta ahụ n'abalị ma ọ bụ n'ụbọchị urukpuru, ebe ọ bụ na anyanwụ na-ehichapụ ihe ngwọta tupu osisi amịkọrọ ya;
- Ọnọdụ ikuku dị adịghị elu karịa ogo 20.
- Ihu igwe kwesịrị ịdị jụụ, ọ bụghị mmiri ozuzo.
Gịnị nri ndị kacha adabara
Ọ dị mkpa ka ị mara, mgbe mmejuputa atumatu akwukwo akwukwo nri, ụkpụrụ nke ndi na-eme ka ihe di iche iche.
Fatịlaịza nitrogen
Enweghị nitrogen n'oge oge na-eto eto na-ebelata oke mkpụrụ, yana ogo na ọdịnaya protein. Nitrogen nri na-kacha mma sprayed na akwukwo na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi iji melite ọrụ nke photosynthesis, ike nke uto, tillering na mmepe nke akụkụ ọmụmụ.
Mbubreyo akwukwo nri anaghị emetụta mkpụrụ, ma budata enwekwu àgwà protein ọdịnaya mkpụrụ ya.
E gosipụtara nsonaazụ kacha mma site na iji ahịhịa ahụ na carbamide na-eri nri, nke nwere nitide amide.
Potassium-site
Potash na phosphorus-potash nri, na-eme ka accelerated mkpụrụ osisi, mgbe enwere mmụba na njirimara njirimara nke ihe ọkụkụ.
Ọ dị mkpa icheta na potassium ezughi oke ma jiri nwayọ nwayọ na-amịpụta akwụkwọ ya, ion ion potassium buru oke ibu ma o siri ike ka ha gabiga cuticle nke akwukwo. Ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ịgbakwunye potassium na ihu igwe akọrọ iji nọgide na-agbanwe agbanwe nke akwukwo.
Magnesium na ihe ndi ozo
- Magnesium nwere magburu onwe mpempe akwụkwọ absorbency, na-ewebata n'otu oge na urea n'ụdị magnesium sulfate.
- Biostimulants dabere na mmiri.
- Chọpụta ọcha na-webata n'ụdị chelates - ihe ndị dị mgbagwoju anya, nke ejiri ihe mepụtara organometallic mejupụtara, nke onye ọrụ chylating na-eme ka ion ion dị na steeti nwere ike ịbanye ruo mgbe ọ batara na osisi. na osisi, na-ere ọkụ na isi nke kọntaktị.
Esi kwadebe foliar mgbakwasa na mba
Ka iwelie mkpụrụ apụl, ọ dị mkpa iji mepụta akwukwo oriri na-edozi ugboro atọ urea (sịntetik urea). N'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbe epupụta ka dị nro, tinye 0,3% (gram atọ nke carbamide kwa liter mmiri) ihe ngwọta, na ọkọchị na ụbịa 0,5% (5 grams nke carbamide kwa liter mmiri).
Ọ bụrụ na mmiri dị ogologo na oyi na-apụta, tupu osisi ahụ amalite, ọ dị mkpa iji nri na-eso ya zụọ ya:
Amonia nitrate (ọnụọgụ nke nitrogen 46%) - 20,0 g. etisasịwo na lita mmiri abụọ, gbakwunye potassium chloride - 20.0 g na ọla kọpa sulfate - 1.0 g.,
a ngwakọta na-agbakwunye etisasịwo ke 3 lita superphosphate - 200 gr. A gwakọtara ngwakọta ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na mmiri ozuzo amalitela ma mesoo ihe ngwọta site na osisi.
N'ihe banyere ọkọchị na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge okpomọkụ, ọ dị mkpa iji hazie epupụta ya na ngwọta nke potassium chloride 100 gr. site na lita 10 nke mmiri, nke a ga-eme ka turgor nke epupụta dịkwuo elu.
Teknụzụ nhazi ahịhịa
Akpa nri
Tupu osisi ahụ amalite, ọ dị mkpa iji nri na-esonụ nye ya nri:
- Ugboro abụọ superphosphate (ụba ọdịnaya nke phosphorus, na ezigbo solubility) - 200,0 g., etisasịwo na 3 lita mmiri n'oge ụbọchị n'ime akpa rọba;
- Amonia nitrate (ọnụọgụ nke nitrogen 46%) - 20,0 g. na ọla kọpa sulfate - 10.0 g., boric acid 1 gr., potassium sulphide - 80 gr.
- A na-egbochi acidity na ngwọta oroma nkịrịsị.
- A na-agwakọta ngwakọta abụọ ma wụsara mmiri 5 lita.
Iwebata ihe ngwọta dị otú ahụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi na-emesi obi ike abawanye na mkpụrụ site 20%... N'oge okooko, a naghị eri nri nke osisi.
Nke abụọ
Mgbe osisi adịkwaghị agbapụta, ị kwesịrị ị na-ebu ndị abụọ sịga:
- Ugboro abụọ superphosphate (ụba ọdịnaya nke phosphorus, na ezigbo solubility) - 200,0 g, etisasịwo na 3 lita mmiri n'oge ụbọchị n'ime akpa rọba;
- Amonia sulfate - 50.0 g etisasịwo na lita mmiri abụọ, gbakwunye potassium sulphide - 100 gr. Ma ngwakọta na-agwakọta, acidity na-neutralized na ihe ngwọta soda, na 5 lita mmiri awụpụ.
Nke atọ
Tupu owuwe ihe ubi na-atụ aro nri nke atọ:
Ugboro abụọ superphosphate (ụba ọdịnaya site, na ezi solubility) - 400,0 g., etisasịwo ke 3 lita mmiri n'ụbọchị ke plastic akpa. Igwe iko 4 ntụ ash esi ọnwụ na lita atọ nke mmiri maka otu ụbọchị, gwakọta ya na etisasịwo superphosphate, neutralize acidity na nri nri soda, tinye 5 lita mmiri.
Dị fatịlaịza enwekwu palatability banyre mkpụrụ osisi, na-eme ka ndụ ha ka mma n'oge ogologo nchekwa na njem.
Mgbe ị na-etinye akwa elu foliar, a ga-echeta na n'ụzọ ọ bụla, usoro a anaghị edochi usoro ọkọlọtọ nke fatịlaịza, mana ọ na-eje ozi dị ka isi iyi ọzọ na-eme ka mkpụrụ ahụ dịkwuo elu, ọrụ dị mkpa nke osisi ahụ, ụtọ na nchekwa nke mkpụrụ osisi ahụ.
Agabigaghị ikike ime ihe ngwọta ahụ, ihe ize ndụ nke ihe ọkụkụ na-ere ọkụ na-abawanye nke ọma, jiri nlezianya gụọ ntuziaka maka nri.
Jiri nlezianya kesaa fatịlaịza etinyere n'elu ala ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ị na-awụlikwa ihe ndị dị ala, àgwà nke spraying ga-ada.
Lezienụ anya na nkebi nke mmepe, fatịlaịza na-ezighi ezi na-eduga na enweghị fatịlaịza dị mkpa, na oke oke na-eduga na enweghị owuwe ihe ubi na mmepe nke elu.